What is the working principle of the hydraulic system of the truck tailboard?

The hydraulic system of the truck tailboard mainly operates based on Pascal's law.

1、 Basic components

The hydraulic system of the truck tailboard generally consists of components such as hydraulic pump, hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic oil pipe, control valve, and oil tank. The hydraulic pump is the power source of the entire system, which converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy. Usually driven by an electric motor or the power output device of a vehicle. The oil tank is used to store hydraulic oil and provide a medium for the entire hydraulic cycle.

2、 Workflow

Rising process

When the tailboard lifting operation is initiated, the hydraulic pump starts working. It extracts hydraulic oil from the oil tank and delivers high-pressure oil to the bottom chamber of the hydraulic cylinder through hydraulic oil pipes. According to Pascal's law, in a closed liquid, the pressure applied to a stationary liquid can be equally transmitted to various parts of the liquid. So, when hydraulic oil enters the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder, it will generate upward thrust on the piston.

The piston moves upward under the action of this thrust, and as the piston is connected to the tail plate, the tail plate also rises accordingly. During this process, the hydraulic oil in the top chamber of the hydraulic cylinder will flow back to the oil tank through the control valve and oil pipe to ensure that the piston can rise smoothly.

The descent process

When the tailboard needs to descend, the control valve will change the direction of hydraulic oil flow. At this time, the hydraulic pump stops working, and hydraulic oil enters from the top chamber of the hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic oil in the bottom chamber flows back to the oil tank through the oil pipe and control valve.

In this way, the piston moves downwards under the pressure difference of the hydraulic oil, and the tail plate also descends accordingly. During the descent process, the control valve can also adjust the flow rate of hydraulic oil to control the speed of the tail plate descent and ensure a smooth descent process.

Maintain position

When the tailboard rises or falls to the desired position, the control valve can seal the hydraulic oil in the corresponding chamber of the hydraulic cylinder. Due to the almost incompressible nature of liquids, the tailboard can remain in its current position without external interference.

The sealing of each component is crucial throughout the entire hydraulic system operation process. If there is poor sealing and hydraulic oil leakage, it will cause the tailboard to work abnormally, such as being unable to rise or fall normally, or experiencing shaking and other problems. Moreover, the quality and cleanliness of hydraulic oil can also affect the performance of the system and require regular inspection and replacement.